Choosing the right word (dictionary usage)

 

Name : Reihanesa Putri Nur Nabila

NIM : 20.03.52.0026

Choose one text about endangered species (animals or plants)

 

Elephants

Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea. Traditionally, two species have been recognized, the African elephant (Loxodonta africana) and the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), although some evidence suggests that the African bush elephant and African forest elephant are distinct species (L. africana and L. cyclotis). Elephants are distributed throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia. Elephantidae is the only extant family of the order Proboscidea; other now extinct families include mammoths and mastodons. The male African elephant is the largest land animal with a height of up to 4 m and a mass that can also reach 7,000 kg. Elephants have special characteristics, and the most striking is the trunk or proboscis which is used for many things, especially for breathing, sucking water, and picking up objects. Its incisors grow into fangs that can be used as weapons and tools for moving objects or digging. Their large earlobes help regulate their body temperature. African elephants have larger ears and a concave back, while Asian elephants have smaller ears and a convex back.

Elephants are herbivorous animals that can be found in various habitats, such as savannas, forests, deserts, and swamps. They tend to be near water. Elephants are considered a key species because of their impact on the environment. Other animals tend to keep their distance from elephants, and predators such as lions, tigers. hyenas, and wild dogs usually only attack young elephants. Female elephants tend to live in family groups, consisting of one female with her cubs or several related females and their young. This group is led by an individual elephant called the matriarch, who is usually the oldest female. Elephants have a fission-fusion group structure, which is when family groups meet to socialize. Male elephants leave the family group when they reach puberty, and will live alone or with other males. Adult males usually interact with family groups while looking for a mate and enter a stage of increased testosterone and aggression called musth, which helps them achieve dominance and reproductive success. The calf is the center of attention of the family group and is dependent on its mother for approximately three years. Elephants can live for 70 years in the wild. They communicate through touch, sight, smell, and sound; Elephants also use infrasound and seismic communication for long distances. The intelligence of elephants has been compared to that of primates and cetaceans. They appear to be self-aware and show empathy for other elephants who are near or have died.

The African elephant is classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), while the Asian elephant is classified as a threatened species. One of the biggest threats to elephants is the ivory trade which fuels poaching. Another threat is habitat destruction and conflicts with local residents. On the other hand, elephants are used as working animals in Asia. They were once used for war; today, elephants are often shown in zoos and circuses. Elephants are easily recognizable and have been depicted in art, folklore, religion, literature, and popular culture.

Sumatran Elephant and Borneo Elephant Facts

Population

2400 – 2800 (in nature) and approximately 550 (tame elephants, in PLG, Safari Park, Zoo, and others)

History

Down 35% from 1992

Distribution

7 out of 8 provinces in Sumatra (except West Sumatra), and East Kalimantan

Habitat Status

85% outside the conservation area

Sumatran Elephant and Kalimantan Elephant Conservation Challenge

Main Issue

The population is scattered in several pockets and their habitat is degraded, resulting in conflict with humans.

Shared Vision

Humans and elephants coexist in harmony

Target

Creating a genetically, geographically and ecologically viable elephant population.

Increase stakeholders' appreciation of elephants and their habitat

Aim

·         Managing elephant habitat/roaming space by involving stakeholders

·         Stop hunting and killing elephants

·         Handle conflicts wisely

·         Managing tame elephant populations (ex situ)

·         Using tame elephants to help the community

·         Awareness of the importance of elephant conservation

 

Article source

https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/elephants

https://www.gajah.id/fakta/fakta-tantangan-konservasi-gajah-di-indonesia/

 

GRAPHIC ORGANIZER

 

No	Information	Cause	Effect
1.       1.	Elephants are animals that are listed as endangered animals.	Elephants are the target of hunters for their tusks.	Elephants are threatened with extinction from the world because of the reduced elephant population.
2.       2.	Lack of oxygen in the world.	Wild poaching and destruction of elephant habitat.	If elephants go extinct then the oxygen in the world will decrease.
3.       3.	Elephants are animals that have a long gestation period.	Elephants are ancient animals that have a gestation period of about 18 to 22 months.	If the elephant dies while pregnant, the number of elephant species will decrease and will become extinct.
4.       4.	The loss of the elephant's natural habitat because the land is taken by humans.	The elephant habitat is narrowed by humans because it is used as plantations and houses by irresponsible humans.	Elephants enter residential areas and destroy residential areas in search of food.
5.       5.	The existence of land degradation elephants vs humans.	Elephant population is decreasing and depleting due to human vs elephant land degradation.	As a result elephants creep into plantation areas and there is an aggressive change from elephants.
6.      6.	To preserve the elephant population, the community must establish a national park to preserve elephants in Indonesia.	The elephant population will be maintained and not extinct.	The number of elephants will be maintained and elephants will not disturb humans.
7.       7.	Provide education to the public about the dangers of poaching.	Society understands the dangers of poaching.	Elephants feel safe and do not disturb humans.